低密度固体阻燃材料的制备及与泡沫灭火剂复配应用研究
Study on preparation of low-density solid flame-retardant materials and their combined application with foam fire-extinguishing agent
为提高B类火灾的灭火效率,以空心玻璃微珠为基体,聚磷酸铵为阻燃剂,羟丙基甲基纤维素为阻燃协效剂,制备了一种低密度固体阻燃材料,并对材料形貌、极限氧指数、密度、体积电阻率、隔热等性能进行表征。结果表明,材料的阻燃隔热性能优异[极限氧指数>60%,导热系数<0.05 W/(m·K),密度<0.41 g/cm3,低于常规易燃液体],抗静电能力强(体积电阻率 <106 Ω·m)。在与泡沫灭火剂复配使用中,铺设一层阻燃浮力小球明显抑制原油燃烧火焰高度与强度,有效降低原油储罐火灾的灭火时间(由600 s降低至120 s),明显提高灭火效率,为应对油品储罐火灾提供了新思路。
To improve the fire extinguishing efficiency of Class B fires,a low-density solid flame-retardant material using hollow glass microspheres as the matrix,ammonium polyphosphate as the flame retardant,and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a synergistic agent was prepared in this study.Morphology,limiting oxygen index (LOI),density,volume resistivity,and thermal insulation properties of material were characterized.Results showed that the material exhibits excellent flame-retardant and thermal insulation performance (LOI greater than 60%,thermal conductivity less than 0.05 W·m-1·K-1),low density (less than 0.41 g/cm3,lower than that of conventional flammable liquids),and strong anti-static capability (volume resistivity less than 106 Ω·m).By combing with a foam fire-extinguishing agent,a layer of the flame-retardant buoyant microspheres significantly suppressed flame height and intensity during crude oil combustion,effectively reduced the fire-extinguishing time of crude oil storage tank fires (from 600 s to 120 s),and markedly improved fire suppression efficiency.This study provides a new approach for addressing fires in oil storage tanks.
class B fire / storage tank fire test / hollow glass microspheres / foam fire extinguishing
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北京市科技新星计划(Z21110002121024)
北京市教育委员会科技计划一般项目(KM202410017011)
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