水滑石基纳米阻燃剂合成及其在高分子应用的研究进展
Research progress on the synthesis of layered double hydroxide-based nano flame retardants and their applications in polymers
系统综述了水滑石(LDHs)基纳米阻燃剂的结构功能化设计策略与协同阻燃机理。首先阐述了通过层板阳离子调控、层间阴离子功能化插层、表面修饰改性及多维杂化结构构筑等手段实现LDHs功能化的核心策略;深入分析了LDHs与膨胀型阻燃剂、磷氮系阻燃剂及其他无机填料的协同作用机制,揭示了气相-凝聚相双重阻燃的协同效应;系统总结了功能化LDHs在聚烯烃、聚氯乙烯、环氧树脂等典型聚合物基体中的应用进展与界面相容性解决方案。最后展望了该领域在理论计算指导下的理性设计、生物基绿色改性及智能响应材料开发等发展趋势,为新一代高性能环境友好型聚合物阻燃材料的设计开发提供理论指导和技术参考。
This review systematically summarizes the structural functionalization strategies and synergistic flame-retardant mechanisms of layered double hydroxide (LDHs)-based nanoflame retardants.First,we elaborate on the core strategies for LDHs functionalization,including host-layer cation regulation,interlayer anionic functional intercalation,surface modification,and the construction of multidimensional hybrid structures.Furthermore,the synergistic mechanisms between LDHs and intumescent flame retardants,phosphorus-nitrogen compounds,and other inorganic fillers are analyzed in depth,revealing the dual gas- and condensed-phase synergistic effects.The application progress and interfacial compatibility solutions of functionalized LDHs in typical polymer matrices (e.g.,polyolefins,polyvinyl chloride,and epoxy resins) are also systematically reviewed.Finally,we highlight future development trends in this field,encompassing rational design guided by theoretical calculations,bio-based green modification,and the development of smart responsive materials.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance and technical references for the design and development of next-generation,high-performance,and environmentally friendly polymer flame retardants.
层状双金属氢氧化物 / 聚合物复合材料 / 界面工程 / 协同阻燃 / 结构功能化设计
layered double hydroxides / polymer composites / interface engineering / synergistic flame retardancy / structural-functional design
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潍坊市科技发展计划项目(2023ZJ1034)
山东省产业领军人才资助项目(tscx202306066)
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