锌镍电池过放电失效分析及电解液优化研究
Analysis of over-discharge failure and research of electrolyte optimization in zinc-nickel batteries
以AA 1 500 mAh锌镍电池为研究对象,分析了过放电反应及电池失效机理,研究了电解液添加剂聚丙烯酸钠(PAAS)对过放电的抑制作用。结果表明,当电压低于0.4 V时过放电发生,电解液分解生成氢气,负极过放电后形成了致密的氧化锌钝化层,导致电池容量快速衰减。电解液中加入PAAS可以降低水的活性,提高电解液的电化学窗口,抑制过放电时电解液的消耗,其加入量为质量分数0.5%时,经过10次过放电,电池容量仍有初始容量的95.4%,且PAAS降低了电池的自放电,提高了循环稳定性。
Commercial AA1500 mAh zinc-nickel cells were selected as study objects,the over-discharge reactions and failure mechanism were analyzed,and the inhibitory effect of sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) as electrolyte additive on over-discharge was investigated.The results show that over-discharge occurs when the voltage drops below 0.4 V,where electrolyte decomposition generates hydrogen gas,and a dense zinc oxide passivation layer is formed on zinc anode,leading to rapid capacity degradation of the battery.Adding PAAS to the electrolyte can reduce water activity,broaden the electrochemical window of the electrolyte,and thus inhibit electrolyte consumption during over-discharge.When the addition amount of PAAS is 0.5 wt%,the battery capacity still retains 95.4% of the initial capacity after 10 over-discharge cycles,meanwhile,PAAS reduces the self-discharge and improves the cycle stability of zinc-nickel battery.
zinc-nickel battery / sodium polyacrylate / electrolyte / over-discharge
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河南省高等学校重点科研项目(25A530004)
河南省科技攻关项目(252102241043)
河南应用技术职业学院校级科研项目(2023-KJ-60)
2024年度河南省“科技副总”项目(HNFZ20240316)
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