层状双氢氧化物在去除6价铬领域的研究进展
Research progress on layered double hydroxides for the removal of hexavalent chromium
系统梳理了层状双氢氧化物(LDHs)的结构特性与其作为高效吸附剂及催化剂的内在关联,重点论述了其在去除6价铬重金属污染方面的最新研究进展。深入剖析了LDHs通过表面络合、离子交换、还原沉淀及“记忆效应”等多种机制协同去除污染物的机理。并详细总结了通过金属离子掺杂、层间阴离子调控、纳米结构设计及复合材料构建等策略以提升LDHs性能的改性方法。最后,针对当前研究的不足,对未来开发高性能、低成本、环境友好的LDH基材料及其在实际水处理工程中的应用前景进行了展望。
This review systematically summarizes the structural characteristics of LDHs and their intrinsic relationship with their performance as efficient adsorbents and catalysts,with particular emphasis on recent advances in their application for the removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)] heavy metal contaminants.The synergistic mechanisms of pollutant removal by LDHs—such as surface complexation,ion exchange,reduction-precipitation,and the “memory effect”—are comprehensively analyzed.Moreover,various modification strategies,including metal ion doping,interlayer anion regulation,nanostructure design,and composite material construction,are discussed in detail to enhance the performance of LDHs.Finally,the current challenges are addressed,and future perspectives are proposed for developing high-performance,low-cost,and environmentally friendly LDH-based materials,as well as their practical applications in actual water treatment engineering.
层状双氢氧化物(LDHs) / LDHs改性 / 结构特征与性能 / 制备方法 / 6价铬[Cr(Ⅵ)]
layered double hydroxides (LDHs) / LDHs modifications / structural characteristics and properties / preparation methods / hexavalent chromium [Cr(Ⅵ)]
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国家自然科学基金项目(52160019)
江西省青年科技人才培育计划(20244BCE52230)
江西水利电力大学博士科研启动基金(培育类)(2023kyqd010)
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