废弃聚氨酯功能性碳化处理及催化果糖高效转化研究
韩文鹏 , 王淑娟 , 耿付江 , 刘雷 , 朱廷春 , 李金龙 , 牛亚楠
现代化工 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4) : 167 -173.
废弃聚氨酯功能性碳化处理及催化果糖高效转化研究
Study on functional carbonization treatment of spent polyurethane and application in catalyzing efficient conversion of fructose
以废弃聚氨酯(PU)为原料,经浓硫酸加热碳化处理不仅可以得到聚氨酯降解产物四氢呋喃(约40%),还能回收功能化碳材料( -PU)。通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR和XPS等手段对其形貌及结构进行表征。结果表明, -PU主要以无定形形貌存在,其表面存在丰富的磺酸基(—SO3H)、羧基等酸性基团和胺类等碱性基团。 -PU能够高效催化果糖脱水制备5-乙氧基甲基糠醛(EMF)。当 -PU催化剂质量为50 mg、V乙醇∶VDMSO=7∶3为反应溶剂、1 MPa N2气氛、反应温度为130℃、反应时间为2 h时,果糖转化率为100%,EMF收率最高为81.2%。此外,经4次反应循环后,目标产物EMF的收率仅轻微下降,催化剂展现出了较好的稳定性。
Spent polyurethane is heated with concentrated sulfuric acid for carbonization treatment to obtain tetrahydrofuran (about 40 wt.%),a degradation product of polyurethane,and functionalized carbon material ( -PU).The morphology and structure of -PU are characterized by means of XRD,SEM,FT-IR,and XPS.Results show that -PU mainly exists in an amorphous morphology,with abundant acidic groups such as sulfonic acid groups (—SO3H) and carboxyl groups (—COOH),as well as basic groups such as amines on its surface. -PU can efficiently catalyze the dehydration of fructose to make 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF).The conversion rate of fructose reaches 100% and the highest yield of EMF is 81.2% when the dosage of -PU catalyst is 50 mg,Vethanol∶VDMSO=7∶3,reaction temperature is 130℃,and the reaction has performed for 2 h in 1 MPa N2 atmosphere.In addition,after 4 reaction cycles,the yield of the target product EMF only decreases slightly,showing that the catalyst exhibits a good stability.
废弃聚氨酯 / 功能化碳材料 / 5-乙氧基甲基糠醛 / 果糖
spent polyurethane / functional carbon materials / 5-ethoxymethylfurfural / fructose
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河北省高等学校科学研究项目(ZC2023005)
邯郸市科技计划项目(21422031161)
河北省杂环化合物重点实验室开放项目(KF202405)
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