随着现代工农业的发展,环境中的重金属污染问题日益突出。传统的重金属去除方法价格昂贵,还会产生有毒副产物,对环境产生负面影响。生物修复技术因其去除效率高、成本低以及可用性高逐渐成为了治理重金属污染的常用手段。对于重金属等不易降解的有毒污染物,细菌生物修复是最安全的处理方法,其中地杆菌(Geobacter)作为地下电极菌群中的关键物种,在生物修复中表现出极高的应用价值。从Geobacter的分类、重金属移除机制及细菌内部解毒机制3个方面,深入阐述了其在重金属修复中的应用价值与发展前景。

With the development of modern industry and agriculture,the heavy metals pollution in the environment is becoming more and more prominent.Traditional heavy metal removal methods represent high cost,generate toxic by-products,and have a negative impact on the environment.Bioremediation technologies have gradually become a common means to control heavy metals pollution due to their high removal efficiency,low cost and high availability.Bacterial bioremediation represents the safest treatment method for toxic pollutants such as heavy metals that are not easily degraded,and Geobacter,as a key specie in the underground electrode microbiota,shows high application value in bioremediation.In this review,the application value and development prospect of Geobacter in heavy metals pollution remediation are expounded from three aspects such as the classification of Geobacter,heavy metals removal mechanism and bacterial internal detoxification mechanism.

王科凡(2001-),男,硕士生,研究方向为微生物电化学,1319383836@qq.com;张甜(1979-),女,博士,教授,研究方向为新型绿色生物能源技术的开发与应用,通讯联系人,tzhang@whut.edu.cn。