研究了磷酸三丁酯(TBP)-煤油体系在对硝基苯酚(PNP)工业废水中的萃取工艺,TBP与PNP主要形成1∶1型的络合物,萃取过程的ΔH=-28.21 kJ/mol,废水中盐的存在对络合萃取有正向影响。采用单因素实验法考察了萃取剂浓度、搅拌转速、有机相/水相的体积比(O/A)对脱酚率以及化学需氧量(COD)去除率的影响。根据单因素实验结果,设计三因素三水平Box-Behnken模型进行响应面优化实验。实验结果表明,响应面优化后的最优工艺条件为:TBP浓度为28%,搅拌转速为187 r/min,相比为0.6,该条件下脱酚率为99.97%,单级萃取后萃余水相酚含量为0.12 mg/L。

The extraction process for p-nitrophenol (PNP) industrial wastewater by tributyl phosphate (TBP)-kerosene system is studied.TBP and PNP mainly forms a 1∶1 complex,the extraction process ΔH=-28.21 kJ·mol^-1,and the presence of salt in wastewater has a positive effect on the complex extraction.The impacts of extractant concentration,stirring speed,and organic phase/water phase volume ratio (O/A) on the removal rates of phenol and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are investigated by using single factor experiment.According to the results from single factor experiment,a three-factor three-level Box-Behnken model is designed for response surface optimization experiment.Experimental results show that the optimal process conditions after the response surface optimization are as follows:the concentration of TBP is 28%,the stirring speed is 187 r·min^-1,and O/A is 0.6.Under these conditions,the removal rate of phenol is 99.97%,and phenol content in the raffinate water phase after single stage extraction is 0.12 mg·L^-1.

张潆心(1999-),女,硕士生,研究方向为工业水处理,zhangyx202103@163.com;蒋文伟(1968-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为精细化工,通讯联系人,jiangwenwei@scu.edu.cn。