以脂肪胺、缩水甘油及1,3-二氯-2-丙醇为原料,合成了一系列甘油胺为头基、羟基丙烷为连接基的非离子型Gemini表面活性剂。通过核磁共振(¹HNMR、¹³CNMR)、高分辨质谱(HRMS)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)对产物的结构进行表征,并研究了它们的表面活性、润湿性、乳化性、起泡性和抑菌活性。结果表明,8-3(OH)-8在2.02 mmol/L时有较好的降低表面张力的效果,12-3(OH)-12具有最好的发泡性以及乳化性;8-3(OH)-8和12-3(OH)-12在水溶液中均呈稳定的纳米分散体系;8-3(OH)-8对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌都有最好的抑菌效果,在40 μg/mL时抑菌率达90%以上。羟基丙烷为连接基的脂肪氨基甘油Gemini表面活性剂具有良好的应用前景。

A series of nonionic Gemini surfactants with glycerol amine as the head group and hydroxypropane as the spacer are synthesized from aliphatic amine,glycidol,and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol.The structure of the products is characterized by means of nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR and ¹³CNMR),high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS),and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).Furthermore,their surface activity,wettability,emulsifying ability,foaming properties,and antibacterial activity are studied too.Study results show that 8-3(OH)-8 product has a good effect on reducing surface tension at 2.02 mmol·L^-1,and 12-3(OH)-12 product shows the best foaming and emulsifying properties.Both 8-3(OH)-8 and 12-3(OH)-12 products present stable nano-dispersion system in aqueous solution.The 8-3(OH)-8 product has the best antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,with an inhibition rate of over 90% at 40 μg·mL^-1.In a sum,the aliphatic amino-glycerol Gemini surfactants with hydroxypropane as the spacer have good application prospects.

贾晨悦(1998-),女,硕士生,研究方向为油脂及植物蛋白工程,1677873612@qq.com;贺军波(1984-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为油脂及植物蛋白工程、油脂化学及绿色表面活性剂合成与应用,通讯联系人,junb112he@whpu.edu.cn。