为了对染料废水中染料和盐进行有效地分离与回收,以聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)超滤膜为基膜,以多巴胺(DA)、单宁酸(TA)及聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为共沉积物,以均苯三甲酰氯(TMC)为有机相,采用界面聚合法制备了PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜,探讨了DA与TA及PEI与TA的质量浓度比对PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜结构与性能及处理模拟RB5染料废水效果的影响。结果表明,当ρ(DA)/ρ(TA)与ρ(PEI)/ρ(TA)分别为2/8和4/6时,膜性能最佳,此时纯水通量较不添加TA时分别提高36%和114%;模拟RB5染料废水通量较不添加TA时分别提高37%和87%;染料截留率分别为95.5%、95.4%,盐(NaCl)的截留率分别为3.95%、3.15%。PVDF复合疏松纳滤膜在处理模拟RB5染料废水中运行稳定性良好。

In order to effectively separate and recover dyes and salts from dye-containing wastewater,PVDF composite loose nanofiltration membrane is prepared via interfacial polymerization method with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane as the matrix membrane,dopamine (DA),tannic acid (TA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the co-deposit substances,and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) as the organic phase.The influences of the mass concentration ratios of DA to TA and PEI to TA on the structure and performance of PVDF composite loose nanofiltration membrane and the effect of treating simulated RB5 dye-containing wastewater by the membrane are evaluated.The membrane shows the best performance when ρ(DA)/ρ(TA) and ρ(PEI)/ρ(TA) are 2/8 and 4/6,respectively,over which the pure water flux is 36% and 113%,respectively higher than that over the membrane without TA.The flux of the simulated RB5 dye-containing wastewater is also 37% and 87%,respectively higher.The retention rates of dye are 95.5% and 95.4%,respectively,and those of salt (NaCl) are 3.95% and 3.15%,respectively.It is identified that PVDF composite loose nanofiltration membrane has good stability in the treatment of simulated RB5 dye-containing wastewater.

张琪(2000-),男,硕士生,研究方向为新型膜材料研发及其在水处理中的应用,zhangqi000327@163.com;王军(1970-),女,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为新型膜材料研发及其在水处理中的应用,通讯联系人,wangj@dhu.edu.cn。