以九水合硫化钠、七水合硫酸亚铁、生物炭为原料,采用共沉淀法制备硫铁改性生物炭材料(FeS-BC),并研究其对水中Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附性能,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对硫铁改性生物炭的形貌及结构进行表征。结果表明,在pH=7、质量浓度为1 g/L条件下对10 mg/L Sb(Ⅲ)吸附率达到80.26%,在pH=7、质量浓度为7 g/L条件下对10 mg/L Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附率达到89.48%;在最佳FeS/BC质量比、固液比的情况下对Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)最大吸附量分别为32.20、22.35 mg/g;pH对Sb(Ⅲ)去除率影响不大,在pH=10时对Sb(Ⅴ)去除率影响比较明显;CO₃^2-、PO₄^3-、SiO₃^2-对Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附具有不同程度的抑制作用;经试验模拟表面材料对Sb(Ⅲ)和Sb(Ⅴ)吸附符合准二级动力学和Langmuir等温模型。

Sulfur-iron modified biochar material (FeS/BC) is prepared from sodium sulfide nonahydrate,ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and biochar via a coprecipitation method,and its adsorption performance to Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ) is studied.The morphology and structure of FeS/BC is characterized by means of SEM,FT-IR,XRD and XPS.It is found that under pH=7 and a mass concentration of 1 g·L^-1,the adsorption rate of FeS/BC reaches 80.26% Sb(Ⅴ) for 10 mg·L^-1 Sb(Ⅲ),and 89.46% for 10 mg·L^-1 Sb(Ⅴ).The maximum adsorption capacities of Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ) are 32.20 mg·g^-1 and 22.35 mg·g^-1,respectively by the FeS/BC with the optimal mass ratio and solid/liquid ratio.The pH has hardly impact on the removal of Sb(Ⅲ) whereas it significantly affects the removal of Sb(Ⅴ) at pH=10.CO₃^2-,PO₄^3- and SiO₃^2- exhibit varying degrees of inhibition on the adsorption to Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ).It is found through experiments simulation that the adsorption of Sb(Ⅲ) and Sb(Ⅴ) by the surface material follows pseudo second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models.

张森(1999-),男,硕士生,主要研究方向为重金属污染土壤修复,1845383601@qq.com;曹莹(1983-),女,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事环境监测与风险评估研究,通讯联系人,caoying@craes.org.cn。