综述了生物质水蒸汽汽化催化制氢的研究现状,明晰了汽化反应机理,梳理了物料特性和反应条件对制氢效果的影响。介绍了天然矿石、镍基催化剂、碱及碱土金属催化剂在生物质水蒸汽汽化制氢方面的研究现状。提出长寿命新型催化剂是生物质水蒸汽汽化催化制氢的关键因素,结合生物质原料特性确定最佳工况条件,以提高氢气产率,并减少副产物焦油生成。

The research status of biomass steam gasification for catalytic hydrogen production is summarized along with clarity of the gasification reaction mechanism,and the influences of material characteristics and reaction conditions on hydrogen production efficiency are expounded.The research situation about the application of natural ores,nickel-based catalysts,alkali and alkaline earth metal catalysts in biomass steam gasification hydrogen production is introduced.It is proposed that a new type of catalyst with long lifespan is a key factor in the catalytic hydrogen production of biomass steam gasification.The optimal operating conditions are determined based on the characteristics of biomass raw materials to improve hydrogen yield and reduce the generation of by-product tar.

李卓(2000-),男,硕士生;王志伟(1980-),男,博士,研究员,研究方向为生物质热化学转化技术、有机固体废弃物高效处理技术,通讯联系人,bioenergy@163.com。