通过插层剂二甲基亚砜、接枝剂甲醇和剥离试剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵协同超声震荡辅助作用,将层状煤系高岭土剥离为超细片状煤系高岭土。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外(FT-IR)、N₂吸附-脱附及扫描电镜(SEM)与能谱分析(EDS)等技术手段对煤系高岭土进行表征。结果表明,其层间距由层状煤系高岭土的0.708 nm扩大到片状煤系高岭土的 1.12 nm,内部孔隙增加,形成了裂隙形状的介孔且孔径分布均匀。煅烧高岭土较煤系高岭土的吸油性能大幅提升,其吸油量从60~73 g/100 g煤系高岭土增至70~79 g/100 g煅烧高岭土。整个制备工艺流程中无引入强酸强碱等腐蚀性物质,提供了一种环境友好型煅烧高岭土制备技术。

Layered coal-series kaolin can be stripped into ultra-fine flake kaolin through the synergistic effect of dimethyl sulfoxide as intercalating agent,methanol as grafting agent,and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as stripping reagent with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration.All samples are characterized by means of XRD,FT-IR,N₂ adsorption-desorption,SEM and EDS.The results indicate that after stripping and calcination,the inter-layer distance of kaolin is enlarged from 0.708 nm to 1.12 nm,and the porosity in the kaolin increases.Moreover,the mesopores with crack shapes are formed in uniform pore size distribution.The oil absorption capacity of calcinated kaolin clay increases to 70-79 g/(100 g),which is greater than 60-73 g/(100 g) of coal-series kaolin clay.No strong acid or base or other corrosive substances are needed in the whole synthesis process,representing an environmental-friendly preparation method for calcinated kaolin clay.

石国亮(1977-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为多级孔纳米材料的设计合成及其应用,glshi@tyust.edu.cn