总结了印刷电路板、钽电容、锂离子电池、发光二极管和液晶显示器等重要电子垃圾的组成特性。论述了常压热解、共热解、催化热解、真空热解、微波辅助热解和等离子体热解法处理电子垃圾的研究与应用进展,对比分析了各类方法的优缺点。指明电子垃圾热解技术存在的挑战并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。

The composition characteristics of five kinds of electronic wastes,including spent printed circuit boards,tantalum capacitors,lithium-ion batteries,light-emitting diodes,and liquid crystal displays,are summarized.Also,the research and application progress of atmospheric pressure pyrolysis,co-pyrolysis,catalytic pyrolysis,vacuum pyrolysis,microwave-assisted pyrolysis,and plasma pyrolysis methods in the recycling and utilization of electronic wastes are expounded.The advantages and disadvantages of various pyrolysis methods are also compared and analyzed.The challenges in pyrolysis technologies for electronic wastes are analyzed,and the development direction in the future is prospected.

唐晶(1979-),女,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为真空排水技术、分散污水处理技术、热解技术及工程应用,通讯联系人,tangjing727@126.com。