为提高蔗渣纤维素在汽车内饰上的应用，通过乙酸酐和微波-超声波法将蔗渣纤维素进行乙酰化和纳米化改性，制备出颗粒尺寸均匀、耐水性能和分散性好的乙酰化蔗渣纳米纤维素（ACNF）。通过浇铸成膜法将ACNF与聚乙烯醇（PVA）进行混合后制备出ACNF/PVA复合膜，利用量子化学计算方法分析ACNF/PVA复合物结构的作用类型。结果表明，在微波功率为100 W、时间为2 h、超声波功率为500 W、纤维素与乙酸酐比为1∶2（质量体积比）时，得到的ACNF颗粒尺寸在200 nm左右，乙酰化取代度为0.86，水接触角为36.5°。相较于PVA膜，该复合膜的拉伸强度从10.55 MPa提高至33.91 MPa，水接触角从56.44°增加到72.04°。在复合物结构中，作用类型主要为静电作用和分散作用。

In order to promote the application of bagasse cellulose in automobile interior decoration, it is modified by acetic anhydride and microwave-ultrasonic method to prepare the acetylated bagasse nanocellulose (ACNF) with uniform particle size, good water resistance and good dispersibility.ACNF/PVA composite film is prepared through mixing ACNF with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) by casting film forming method.The action type of ACNF/PVA composite structure is analyzed by means of quantum chemical calculation method.Experimental results show that the particle size of ACNF prepared is about 200 nm, the acetylation degree is 0.86, and water contact angle is 36.5° when the microwave power is 100 W, the time is 2 h, the ultrasonic power is 500 W, the ratio of cellulose (g) to acetic anhydride (mL) is 1:2.Compared with PVA film, the tensile strength of the prepared composite film increases from 10.55 MPa to 33.91 MPa, and the water contact angle increases from 56.44° to 72.04°.In the composite structure, the main action types include electrostatic and dispersion action.

相统天(1997-),男,硕士生,研究方向为生物基材料,xiangtongtian717@163.com