从我国能源消费现状入手，介绍了碳排放"双控"进展，分析了水电、核电、风光电等作为主力能源的短板以及氢能的主要特性。从国内外视角出发，着重阐述了氢能发展的机遇和加快替代化石能源的紧迫性。以案例法对电解水制氢主要成本组成、相互关系以及不同电价、不同年利用小时数对制氢成本影响的敏感性进行研究，对化石能源制氢增加"碳捕捉与封存技术"后成本变化进行比较，针对性地提出降低绿电制氢成本、开辟氢能生产新渠道、破解关键技术、扩大氢能化改造等解决方案。结论认为，以政策扶持为动力、以多方联动加快试点示范为方法、以"绿电+储能+氢能"组合弥补清洁能源的短板是实现"双碳"目标和绿色发展的首选路径。

Beginning with the current situation of China's energy consumption, the progress in carbon dioxide emission control is introduced.The shortcomings of hydropower, nuclear power, solar and wind power as majority energy are analyzed, and the characteristics of hydrogen energy are expounded.From both China's domestic and international perspectives, it emphasizes the opportunities of hydrogen energy development and the urgency of developing alternative to fossil fuels.Using a case-study approach, the main cost components of hydrogen production from electrolytic water and the sensitivity of the cost impact of different electricity prices and different utilization hours are analyzed, with comparing the cost changes of hydrogen production from fossil energy sources with the addition of "carbon capture and storage" technology.The solutions such as reducing the cost of hydrogen production from green power, opening up new channels for hydrogen production, breaking the key technology, expanding the application of hydrogen energy etc.In conclusion, using policy support as the driving force, multi-party linkage to accelerate pilot demonstrations as the method, as well as taking the combination of "green power+energy storage+hydrogen production" to compensate for the shortcomings of clean energy is the preferred comprehensive path to achieve the "carbon dioxide emission peaking and carbon neutrality" goal and promote green development.