系统总结了粉煤灰脱硅技术与工艺的研究进展，重点从脱硅反应条件、反应原理、活化机理及脱硅效率等方面进行了阐述，指出直接脱硅工艺效率低的主要原因是脱硅副反应的发生，而采用物理活化、化学活化及微生物脱硅等方式，可有效抑制副反应的发生并提高脱硅效率。基于粉煤灰中硅的提取技术受下游硅产品应用的牵引和推动，还对硅产品的应用方向进行了展望。

The research progress on coal fly ash (CFA) desilication technology and process is summarized, focusing on the desilication reaction conditions, reaction principle, activation mechanism and desilication efficiency.It is pointed out that the main reason for the low efficiency of direct desilication process is the occurrence of desilication side reactions.The use of physical activation, chemical activation and microbiological desilication can effectively inhibit side reactions and improve the desilication efficiency.Furthermore, the technology for extracting silicon from coal fly ash is driven and promoted by the application demand of downstream silicon products, and the application direction of silicon products is prospected.

陈沐阳(1999-),女,硕士生