总结了厌氧系统中微塑料的来源、存在种类、形态以及含量;探讨了不同厌氧消化体系中,微塑料对水解、产酸和产甲烷3阶段运行特征的影响异同;在此基础上,从细胞结构、酶活性和微生物群落演替3方面对微塑料影响厌氧消化机制进行综述分析。有研究表明,由于微塑料会在反应过程中不断释放毒性物质,在厌氧代谢的不同阶段常起抑制作用,但一些研究也发现微塑料会通过增溶作用促进厌氧代谢。现有研究主要以污泥厌氧消化为对象,而对其他底物或者共消化厌氧系统中微塑料的研究较少,而微塑料对厌氧代谢过程中微生物互营关系特别是种间电子传递的影响,还有待进一步深入研究。

The source,type,form and content of microplastics in organic wastes are summarized.The effects of microplastics on the operation characteristics of hydrolysis,acid production and methane production stages in different anaerobic digestion systems are discussed.On this basis,the anaerobic digestion mechanism of microplastics is reviewed and analyzed from three aspects including cell structure,enzyme activity and microbial community succession.Most studies have shown that microplastics often play an inhibitory role in different stages of anaerobic metabolism because they continuously release certain toxic substances during the reaction.But some studies have also found that microplastics promote anaerobic metabolism through promoting solubilization.The existing research mainly focuses on the anaerobic digestion of sludge,and pays less attention to other substrates or microplastics in the co-digestion anaerobic system.The effect of microplastics on microbial interaction in anaerobic metabolism,especially interspecific electron transport,needs to be further studied.

车起锐(1997-),男,硕士生。