以羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)为原料、丙烯酸(AA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体、偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐(VA-044)为引发剂、N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(NMBA)为交联剂制备了CMC-P(AA-AM)水凝胶,研究了聚合条件对其溶胀性能的影响,通过单因素试验确定最佳聚合条件;利用傅里叶红外光谱、热失重对水凝胶结构进行表征;重点考察了水凝胶在不同盐、pH及表面活性剂溶液中的溶胀性能。结果表明,CMC、VA-044、NMBA、AM占AA的质量分数分别为9%、0.7%、0.7%、33.3%时,水凝胶溶胀倍率最大,为253.2 g/g。CMC-P(AA-AM)在不同盐溶液中的溶胀性能差距较大,对重金属离子更为敏感。水凝胶在pH 5~9范围内保持了较高的溶胀性能,表现出良好的pH响应性能。CMC-P(AA-AM)在阴离子表面活性剂溶液中溶胀性能优于非离子、阳离子溶液,在油酸钠中的吸水倍率为210.0 g/g。

CMC-P(AA-AM) hydrogel is prepared by using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as raw material,acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) as monomers,azodiisimidazoline hydrochloride (VA-044) as initiator,and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (NMBA) as crosslinking agent.The effect of polymerization conditions on swelling properties is studied and the optimum polymerization conditions are determined through single factor test.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetry are employed to characterize the structure of the hydrogel.The swelling properties of the hydrogel in different salts,pH values and surfactants are investigated.Results show that the swelling ratio of the hydrogel reaches the highest,being 253.2 g·g^-1 when the mass fractions of CMC,VA-044,NMBA and AM in AA are 9%,0.7%,0.7% and 33.3%,respectively.The swelling properties of CMC-P(AA-AM) vary greatly in different salt solutions,and it is more sensitive to heavy metal ions.The hydrogel maintains a high swelling capacity in the pH range of 5-9 and shows a good pH response performance.CMC-P(AA-AM) in anionic surfactant solution has better swelling property than in non-ionic and cationic solutions.The water absorption rate of CMC-P(AA-AM) in sodium oleate is 210.0 g·g^-1.