简要介绍了近年来离子液体固载化的载体,主要包含分子筛、离子交换树脂、氧化物、碳材料、金属有机骨架材料、石墨烯及其他类载体等;并对固载化离子液体在催化合成、萃取分离、气体吸附和转化、脱硫、废水处理、电化学及生物柴油等领域的应用做了概述,指出了其存在的问题。分析了固载化离子液体的未来发展方向,开发和研制具有低成本和重复利用率高的固载化离子液体成为其研究的关键;除此之外,可先形成聚离子液体后再进行修饰固载也是改善其综合性能、扩大应用范围的方法。

The carriers for the immobilization of ionic liquid in recent years are reviewed,mainly including molecular sieves,ion exchange resins,oxides,carbon materials,metal organic framework materials,graphene and other types of carriers,etc.The applications of immobilized ionic liquids are summarized in catalytic synthesis,extraction separation,gas adsorption and conversion,desulfurization,wastewater treatment,electrochemistry and biodiesel,and the existing problems are pointed out.Development directions of the immobilized ionic liquid in the future is analyzed.It is suggested that the key of the research is to develop and prepare the immobilized ionic liquid with low cost and high reusability.In addition,poly(ionic liquid)s can be formed at first and immobilized then,which is also a method to improve comprehensive performance and extend applications.

陈桂(1986-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为固体催化剂的制备与应用,cg@hhtc.edu.cn。