以(甲基)丙烯酸酯和N-(3-二甲氨基丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺(DMAPMA)为主要单体、乙醇为溶剂,利用自由基聚合制备得到了两者的共聚物;利用氯丙醇对共聚物进行季铵化改性,得到了系列阳离子型高分子表面活性剂;考察了酯单体种类、酯单体与DMAPMA质量比、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(HAM)引入对产物水溶性和表界面活性的影响。结果表明,当酯单体与DMAPMA质量比在2∶1~1∶2范围内时,季铵化聚丙烯酸酯表面活性剂具有良好的水溶性,而季铵化聚甲基丙烯酸酯表面活性剂水溶性较差;季铵化聚丙烯酸酯能够降低水的表面张力,具有一定表面活性;季铵化聚丙烯酸酯具有良好的界面活性,当酯与DMAPMA质量比为1∶1时,300 mg/L季铵化丙烯酸异辛酯-DMAPMA的油水界面张力可降低至1.3×10^-2 mN/m。

Random copolymers are prepared through radical polymerization with (meth)acrylate (four kinds of acrylate and five kinds of methyl acrylate) and N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)methacrylamide (DMAPMA) as main monomers,and ethanol as solvent.A series of cationic random polymer surfactants are synthesized through modifying the copolymers by chloropropanol.The effects of the type of acrylate monomer,the mass ratio of acrylate monomer to DMAPMA and the addition of N-hydroxymethylacrylamide (HAM) on the water solubility and surface activity of the prepared surfactants are investigated.The results show that the modified polyacrylate surfactant has good water solubility when the mass ratio of acrylate monomer to DMAPMA is in the range of 2∶1 to 1∶2,while polymethacrylate surfactant shows poor water solubility.Quaternized polyacrylate can reduce the surface tension of water and has certain surface activity and interface activity.The interfacial tension between oil and water can be reduced to be 0.013 mN·m^-1 when the mass ratio of acrylate to DMAPMA is 1∶1 and the concentration of quaternized copolymer of isooctyl acrylate and DMAPMA is 300 mg·L^-1.

魏强(1976-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为油气田采出液处理用油田化学药剂