利用微生物对原油蜡组分的降解作用,解决含蜡原油开采与输送过程中的蜡沉积问题。从大庆油田受原油污染土壤中筛选出一株Ochrobactrum intermedium H6,考察菌H6对含蜡原油的作用效果。实验结果表明,菌H6最优培养条件为温度34℃、培养基初始pH为6。菌H6可产生脂肽类生物表面活性剂,在与大庆原油作用10 d后,原油蜡含量降低5.74%,当温度为菌株最优培养温度34℃时,降黏率达到49.37%。菌H6可对原油蜡组分进行降解,具有在油田清防蜡过程中发挥作用的潜力。

The wax deposition problem happened in the process of exploitation and transportation of waxy crude oil can be solved by means of the degradation of wax components by microorganisms.Ochrobactrum intermedium H6 is screened out from the soil contaminated by crude oil in Daqing Oilfield,and the effect of strain H6 on waxy crude oil is investigated.Experimental results show that the optimal culture temperature for strain H6 is 34℃,and the optimal initial pH value of the medium is 6.Strain H6 can produce lipopeptide biosurfactants with good emulsifying properties.After it has treated with Daqing crude oil for 10 days,the wax content of crude oil drops by 5.74%.The viscosity reduction rate of crude oil by Strain H6 reaches 49.37% when the treating temperature is at 34℃,equal to the optimal culture temperature for strain.Strain H6 can degrade the wax components in crude oil,and has the potential to play a role in the process of wax removal and prevention in oil field.

何洋(1996-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为油气储运,981960312@qq.com;杜胜男(1984-),女,博士,副教授,研究方向为油气输送技术,dusn808@163.com。