针对黑磷（BP）纳米片易团聚的问题，利用静电自组装方法将带正电荷的改性硅球和带负电荷的BP自组装成BP/SiO₂复合材料。自组装后的BP/SiO₂复合材料可有效避免BP纳米片间的团聚，从而暴露出BP纳米片更多的化学活性位点，进而增强BP的光催化性能。利用TEM、紫外光谱及光催化降解实验对其进行表征，结果表明，BP纳米片与改性硅球发生了静电自组装，且自组装后的BP纳米片比未组装的更薄，表明改性硅球确实能使BP纳米片层间的团聚受到抑制；在静置1 h以后，自组装后的BP纳米片比未发生自组装的BP纳米片获得了更加优异的光降解性能（MO去除率提高了23.26%）。

To solve the problem that black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets are easy to agglomerate,positively charged modified silicon spheres and negatively charged BP are self-assembled into BP/SiO₂ composites by means of electrostatic self-assembly.Self-assembled BP/SiO₂ composite can effectively avoid the aggregation of BP nano-sheets,thus exposing more chemically active sites of BP nano-sheets,and further enhancing the photocatalytic performance of BP.BP/SiO₂ composite is characterized by TEM,ultraviolet spectrum and photocatalytic degradation experiment.The results show that electrostatic self-assembly takes places between BP nanosheets and modified silicon spheres,and the self-assembled BP nanosheets are thinner than the unassembled ones,indicating that the modified silicon spheres can indeed inhibit the aggregation between layers of BP nanosheets.After standing for 1 h,the self-assembled BP nanosheets obtains better photodegradation performance than those without self-assembly,over which the removal rate of methyl orange dye is 23.26% higher.

葛艳清(1995-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为低维黑磷复合材料光催化剂制备,2857435601@qq.com