以银纳米线和海藻酸钠为原料，利用双向冷冻法制备出各向异性气凝胶，并通过原位聚合制备得到纳米复合环氧树脂。通过SEM、TEM、力学测试等手段对气凝胶与复合环氧树脂进行表征。结果表明，气凝胶具有高度有序的层状结构，而海藻酸钠在其中起到关键性作用，该结构赋予气凝胶优异的压缩与导电各向异性性能。以气凝胶为支架制备的复合环氧树脂具有类似于天然贻贝的"砖-砂"结构，其断裂韧性相较于纯环氧树脂提高了33.3%，且同样表现出优秀的导电各向异性性能。这种具有优异机械性能及多功能性的复合材料有望应用于工程领域。

Taking silver nanowires and sodium alginate as raw materials,anisotropic aerogels are prepared by means of the bidirectional freezing method.On this basis,nanocomposite epoxy resin is prepared by means of in-situ polymerization method.The aerogel and nanocomposite epoxy resin are characterized by SEM,TEM and mechanical testing.It is shown the aerogel has a highly ordered layered structure,in which sodium alginate plays a key role.This structure gives the aerogel excellent compression and conductive anisotropic properties.The composite epoxy resin prepared with aerogel as the scaffold has a "brick-mortar" structure similar to nacre.Compared with pure epoxy resin,its fracture toughness is increased by 33.3%,and it also exhibits excellent anisotropic conductivity.This composite material with excellent mechanical properties and multi-functionality is expected to be applied in the engineering field.

吴启航(1997-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为高分子与纳米材料的制备及组装,1620353127@qq.com;秦海利(1987-),男,理学博士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为柔性可拉伸材料与器件,通讯联系人,qinhaili@hfut.edu.cn。