以八乙基镍卟啉（OEP-Ni）为模型物，探究聚乙烯基咪唑刷（PVIm@SiO₂）、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮刷（PVP@SiO₂）和聚丙烯酸刷（PAA@SiO₂）对OEP-Ni的脱除差异性。结果表明，当脱镍温度为110℃、时间为3 h、脱镍剂质量分数为6 000 μg/g时，PVIm@SiO₂、PVP@SiO₂和PAA@SiO₂对OEP-Ni的脱除率分别为28.9%、15.7%和9.8%；同时，3种聚合物刷对模拟原油的脱除率分别为9.9%、6.8%和5.8%。DFT计算结果表明，3种单体对镍的螯合能力为乙烯基咪唑（VIm）>乙烯基吡咯烷酮（VP）>丙烯酸（AA），与聚合物刷对OEP-Ni的脱除效果一致。以四苯基镍卟啉（TPP-Ni）为模型物，研究PVIm@SiO₂、PAA@SiO₂和5%醋酸溶液对TPP-Ni的脱除效果，结果表明，PVIm@SiO₂和PAA@SiO₂对TPP-Ni的脱除率分别为7.6%和9.3%，而5%醋酸溶液脱镍率仅为1.6%，因此，聚合物刷是一种比传统小分子酸更有前景的脱金属剂。

Taking octaethyl nickel porphyrin (OEP-Ni) as a model compound,the differences in the removal of OEP-Ni by polyvinyl imidazole brushes (PVIm@SiO₂),polyvinylpyrrolidone brushes (PVP@SiO₂) and polyacrylic acid brushes (PAA@SiO₂) respectively are explored.The results show that the removal rates of nickel by PVIm@SiO₂,PVP@SiO₂ and PAA@SiO₂ reach 28.9%,15.7% and 9.8%,respectively when the temperature is at 110℃,the removal process spends 3 h,and the mass fraction of polymer brush is 6,000 μg·g^-1.It is also found that the removal rates of these three polymer brushes to the simulated crude oil reach 9.9%,6.8% and 5.8%,respectively.In addition,DFT calculation results show that among three monomers,vinylimidazole (VIm) has the largest chelating ability to nickel,vinylpyrrolidone (VP) comes next and acrylic acid (AA) has the smallest one,which are consistent with the removal effect of polymer brushes on OEP-Ni.Taking tetraphenyl nickel porphyrin (TPP-Ni) as a model compound,its removal effects by PVIm@SiO₂,PAA@SiO₂ and 5% acetic acid solution are studied.It is shown that the removal rates of TPP-Ni by PVIm@SiO₂,PAA@SiO₂ and 5% acetic acid solution reach 7.6%,9.3% and 1.6%,respectively.It is verified that polymer brush is a more promising de-metalizing agent than traditional small molecule acids.

蔡丽军(1996-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事化学工程与工艺方面的研究,19946260787@163.com;许军(1978-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事石油纯化与加工方面的研究,通讯联系人,xujun@ecust.edu.cn。