中国陆相盆地地质条件复杂，地面条件十分苛刻，加之国内常规钻井、压裂工艺周期长、开发成本高、核心技术未突破等原因，导致我国的页岩油发展较为滞后。如何加快页岩油商业发展，全力打造页岩油这一新的战略增长点，是保障国家能源安全和经济平稳发展的重中之重。介绍了页岩油储量及分布、形成机理及资源类型，详细论述了国内外页岩油勘探与开发现状，着重总结了勘探与开发页岩油的关键技术，并指出其当前在潜力认识、技术装备及经济成本方面的挑战，同时提出相应对策，最后对其发展前景进行了展望。

China's continental basins have complex geological conditions and harsh ground conditions.Combined with China's conventional drilling,long fracturing process cycles,high development costs,and failure to break through core technologies,therefore China's development of shale oil lags behind some countries.Speeding up commercial development of shale oil and making every effort to build a new strategic growth point for shale oil is China' top priority for ensuring the country's energy supply security and stable economic development.This paper introduces the reserves and distribution,formation mechanism and resource types of shale oil,discusses in detail the current situation of shale oil exploration and development in the world,emphasizes the summary of key technologies for shale oil exploration and development,points out current potential understanding as well as challenges in terms of technical equipment and economic costs,and proposes corresponding countermeasures.The development prospects of shale oil are expected.

张仁贵(1995-),男,硕士生,主要研究方向为测井方法与数值模拟、非常规油气资源评价,smile_6660@163.com;刘迪仁(1965-),男,博士,教授,主要从事电法测井正反演及复杂储层评价、非常规油气资源评价等方面的教学和科研工作,通讯联系人,15252083682,liudiren666@163.com.