以果糖为原料脱水合成5-羟甲基糠醛，考察了磷钨酸、硅钨酸、磷钨酸铬、磷钼酸和氧化铌催化剂对5-羟甲基糠醛收率的影响；并对催化剂用量、溶剂种类、反应温度、反应时间等条件进行了优化；利用X射线衍射、红外光谱对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，最佳工艺条件为：0.550 0 g果糖、0.050 0 g磷钨酸、5 mL二甲基亚砜、110℃反应3 h，5-羟甲基糠醛的收率达95.31%。

5-Hydroxymethyl furfural (5-HMF) is synthesized from fructose by dehydration.The effects of phosphotungstic acid, silicotungstic acid, chromium phosphotungstate, phosphomolybdic acid and niobium oxide catalysts on the yield of 5-HMF are respectively investigated.Reaction conditions, such as catalyst dosage, solvent type, reaction temperature and reaction time, are optimized.The catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy.It is indicated that the yield of 5-HMF reaches 95.31% under the optimal conditions of 0.550 0 g fructose, 0.050 0 g phosphotungstic acid and 5 mL dimethyl sulfoxide at 110℃ for 3 h.

李嘉梁(2001-),男,本科生,研究方向为生物质资源化利用,1736497061@qq.com