在碳化硅材质微通道反应器中，以乙酰苯胺为原料、硝酸为硝化剂、硫酸为溶剂，合成对硝基乙酰苯胺。考察反应物料摩尔比、混酸摩尔比、反应温度、反应停留时间等工艺参数对反应的影响并对其进行优化。结果表明，当n（乙酰苯胺）：n（硝酸）：n（硫酸）=1：1.15：2.8、反应体系温度为25℃、停留时间为50 s时，反应效果最佳，此时产物收率为98.6%，纯度为99.1%。该工艺充分利用了微通道反应器优良的传质传热特点，有利于对反应进行精确控制和降低能耗，并减少副反应的发生。

p-Nitroacetanilide is synthesized through continuous flow process in a silicon carbide microchannel reactor, by using acetanilide as raw material, nitric acid as nitrating agent, and concentrated sulfuric acid as solvent.The influences of process conditions such as the molar ratio of reactants, the molar ratio of mixed acids, reaction temperature and residence time on the reaction are investigated, and the reaction conditions are optimized.'Results show that the reaction effect achieves the best when n(acetanilide):n(nitric acid):n(sulfuric acid)=1:1.15:2.8, the temperature of reaction system is at 25℃, and the residence time is 50 s.Under the best conditions, the yield of p-nitroacetanilide reaches 99.1%, with a purity of 98.6%.This process makes full use of the excellent mass and heat transfer characteristics of microchannel reactor, which is conducive to the precise control of the reaction, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing the occurrence of side reactions.

乔奇伟(1987-),男,博士,讲师,研究方向为化工工艺,qiaoqw87@126.com