采用新型煅烧法制备分级多孔NiO/Ni纳米复合材料，考察不同冷冻条件对该纳米复合材料的结构形貌及电化学性能的影响。当冷冻温度为-20℃时，材料具有微孔-介孔分级多孔结构，比表面积为337.6 m²/g，孔体积为1.37 cm³/g。此外，材料表面均匀负载纳米Ni颗粒，可有效改善NiO的导电性。电化学性能测试结果表明，0.1 C放电比容量为983 mA·h/g，首次库伦效率高达86%。该方法中引入冷冻步骤，大幅降低了固相法制备NiO基纳米复合材料的煅烧温度，是一种环保低能耗制备纳米材料的新方法。

Hierarchical porous NiO/Ni nanocomposites are synthesized for the first time via low energy consumption freezing calcination method.The influences of different freezing conditions on the morphology, structure and electrochemical performance are studied.As the freezing temperature is at -20℃, the synthesized NiO/Ni nanocomposites presents micro-mesoporous hierarchical porous structure with a specific surface area of 337.6 m²·g^-1 and a total pore volume of 1.37 cm³·g^-1.In addition, Ni nanoparticles are uniformly loaded on the nanocomposites surface, which can effectively enhance the conductivity of NiO.The results from electrochemical test show that NiO/Ni composite electrode exhibits a high specific discharge capacity of 983 mAh·g^-1 at a constant current of 0.1 C, with an initial coulombic efficiency as high as 86%.This method innovatively employs a freezing step, which reduces energy consumption greatly and provides a new idea for the preparation of NiO/Ni nanocomposites.