利用氯化锌、乙酸钾、碳酸钾和草酸钾4种活化剂对高硫石油焦进行化学活化，并对制得的多孔炭材料的微观形貌、石墨化程度、孔径结构等进行表征，探讨了各材料化学活化的过程和机理；将制得的石油焦基多孔炭材料用于HI（1 mol/L）和H₂SO₄（0.5 mol/L）混合溶液中HI电解阳极材料，并进行循环伏安、线性扫描和交流阻抗等电化学表征，考查电催化I^-氧化生成I₂/I₃^-的电化学性能。结果表明，碳酸钾和草酸钾2种活化剂活化的石油焦基多孔材料均具有较好的电化学性能，在电流密度为10 mA/cm²时电位较小，分别为238 mV和236 mV，接近于商业铂丝电极。

Four activators, including ZnCl₂, C₂H₃O₂K, K₂CO₃ and C₂H₂O₅K₂, are respectively used to activate high-sulfur petroleum coke to obtain porous carbon materials.The microstructure, graphitization degree and pore size structure of the porous carbon materials are characterized and analyzed, and the activation process and mechanism by each activator are discussed.These four kinds of petroleum coke based porous carbon materials are used as electrolytic anode in HI (1 mol·L^-1)+H₂SO₄ (0.5 mol·L^-1) solution to evaluate their electrochemical performance for electrocatalytic oxidation of I^- to I₂/I₃^- by means of cyclic voltammetry, linear scanning and AC impedance testing.It is verified that porous carbon materials activated by K₂CO₃ and C₂H₂O₅K₂ have good electrochemical properties, exhibiting a potential of 238 mV and 236 mV, respectively at a current density of 10 mA·cm^-2, which are close to that of commercial platinum electrode.

王嘉伟(1988-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为炭材料制备及电化学应用,wangjw@sxu.edu.cn