以γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）对纳米SiO₂进行表面改性，以酚醛预聚体、环氧氯丙烷（ECH）、二乙醇胺（DEA）等为主要原料并通过预聚体法合成SiO₂/水性酚醛环氧树脂（WEPN），与三乙烯四胺（TETA）固化得到复合涂膜。通过FT-IR、SEM、TEM、TGA、力学性能测试等对产物的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明，APTES对纳米SiO₂改性成功，改性后亲油效果增加，团聚明显改善，APTES的最佳质量分数为40%；纳米SiO₂通过化学键接入WEPN中，分散良好，SiO₂的加入有效提高了WEPN的热稳定性、韧性及耐酸碱性等应用性能。当纳米SiO₂质量分数为2%时，涂膜的综合性能最好，拉伸强度由67.15 MPa增至77.48 MPa，耐冲击性达到50 cm，断裂伸长率由3.55%增至4.32%，水接触角增至115°，涂膜（10%失重）分解温度从298.5℃提高到350.1℃，残留量由19%增至29%。

Surface of nano-SiO₂ is modified with γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES).SiO₂/waterborne phenolic epoxy resin (WEPN) is synthesized with phenolic prepolymer,epichlorohydrin,diethanolamine and other main raw materials via prepolymer method,which is cured with triethylenetetramine to obtain composite coating films.The structure and performance of the product are characterized by means of FT-IR,SEM,TEM,TGA,mechanical property testing,etc.Results show that APTES has successfully modified nano-SiO₂.The lipophilic effect increases,and the agglomeration improve significantly after SiO₂ modification.The best dosage of APTES is 40%.Nano-SiO₂ is connected to WEPN in the form of chemical bonds and the dispersion is good.The addition of SiO₂ improves effectively the thermal stability,toughness,acid and alkali resistance and other application performances of WEPN.When SiO₂ content is 2%,the coating film shows the best overall performance.The tensile strength increases from 67.15 MPa to 77.48 MPa,the impact resistance reaches 50 cm,the elongation at break increases from 3.55% to 4.32% and the water contact angle increases to 115°.Decomposition temperature of the coating film at 10% weight loss increases from 298.5℃ to 350.1℃ and the mass of residue increases from 19% to 29%.

李根(1995-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水性涂料及纳米粒子/聚合物复合材料,13961320112@139.com