受国家政策的积极影响，自2019年起，国内对二甲苯（PX）产能大量释放，PX产业迎来了由高进口依存度向自给甚至出口的新走向，但随之而来的碳达峰及碳中和目标为PX低碳化生产带来新的挑战。以生物质为原料制取芳烃技术为传统生产的碳减排提供了解决方案。近年来，生物质制芳烃因原料易得且可再生、工艺环保安全等优点备受关注，但其工业化进程缓慢。目前，发展前景较好的工艺有Virent公司开发的Bio-Forming工艺和Anellotech公司开发的生物质热解（Bio-TCat）工艺，其中，后者的中试装置已完成5 000 h运转，工业化前景更为明朗。虽然目前受经济性制约，生物基芳烃大规模替代现有石油基芳烃尚存在困难，但是，通过在石油基芳烃中掺混生物基芳烃的形式来实现碳减排或将成为趋势。

Under the positive influence of national policies, China's para-xylene (PX) production capacity has expanded greatly since 2019, and China's PX industry has shifted from high import dependence into complete self-sufficiency or even export. However, the target of "emission peak" and "carbon neutrality" will bring about new challenges to low-carbon production of PX. The technology using biomass as raw materials to produce aromatic hydrocarbons provides a solution for carbon emission reduction in traditional aromatics production, which has attracted much attention in recent years due to its advantages of easily available and renewable raw materials, environmentally friendly and safe processes, but its industrialization is still slow. At present, the promising processes include the Bio-Forming process developed by Virent and the Bio-TCat process developed by Anellotech. The pilot plant for the Bio-TCat process has operated for over 5000 hours, showing a bright industrialization prospect. Restricted currently by the economics, bio-based aromatics process is still difficult to replace totally the existing petroleum-based aromatics process. Carbon emission reduction can be realized through blending bio-based aromatics with petroleum-based aromatics, which will become a development trend in a short term.

欧阳素芳(1982-),女,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为低碳烯烃综合利用、生物化工,ouysf@sinopec.com