针对石墨相氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）比表面积小、光生载流子复合过快和可见光利用效率低等缺点，系统阐述了g-C₃N₄的改性和优化方法，包括设计g-C₃N₄零维、一维、二维结构，金属掺杂、非金属掺杂，目的是增大比表面积、加快光生电子-空穴对的分离、拓宽对可见光的响应范围；同时讨论了相应的改性方法对光催化性能的影响，从而达到增强光催化性能的目的；最后总结了g-C₃N₄材料目前存在的问题，并对今后的研究重点和方向提出了展望。

Graphite carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) has shortcomings such as small specific surface area,too fast photo-generated carrier recombination and low visible light utilization efficiency.In view of the shortcomings,the modification and optimization methods for g-C₃N₄ are systematically explained,including the design of zero-dimensional,one-dimensional,and two-dimensional structures of g-C₃N₄,metal doping and non-metal doping,which is aimed at increasing specific surface area,accelerating the separation of electron-hole pairs and broadening the response range to visible light.Influences of these modification methods on the photocatalytic performance of g-C₃N₄ is discussed,so as to achieve the purpose of enhancing photocatalytic performance.Existing problems of g-C₃N₄ materials are summarized,and future research focus and directions are suggested.

张家晶(1997-),女,硕士生