针对燃烧后胺法脱碳工艺捕集能耗高的问题，在普通碳捕集系统中集成级间冷却、机械蒸气再压缩（mechanical vapor recompression，MVR）和富液分流解析3项节能技术，建立低能耗碳捕集系统，并将该系统与600 MW燃煤机组热力系统耦合，分析该系统对燃煤机组热经济性指标的影响。结果表明，当CO₂捕集率为90%时，该碳捕集系统中单位再生能耗从4.09 GJ/t CO₂降低到2.64 GJ/t CO₂，降幅达35.28%。与耦合普通碳捕集系统的燃煤机组相比，耦合低能耗碳捕集系统燃煤机组的电厂效率从30.81%增加到33.53%，提升了2.72%；标准煤耗从398.87 g/kWh降低到366.81 g/kWh，下降了32.06 g/kWh；热耗率从11 674.92 kJ/kWh降低到10 736.53 kJ/kWh，减少了938.36 kJ/kWh，热经济性得到明显改善。研究还发现，CO₂捕集率每降低1%，低能耗碳捕集燃煤机组的电厂效率增加0.054%，标准煤耗降低0.524 g/kWh，热耗率降低15.353 kJ/kWh，降低碳捕集率可进一步改善电厂的热经济性。

Aiming to solve the problem that the regeneration of post-combustion amine decarburization process consumes high energy,a low energy consumption CO₂ capture system is established through integrating three energy-saving technologies in the common CO₂ capture system,including inter-stage cooling,mechanical vapor recompression and rich liquid split desorption.This system is then coupled with the thermodynamic system of a 600 MW coal-fired unit,and the impact on the thermal economic indicators of the coal-fired unit is analyzed.Results show that as CO₂ capture ratio is 90%,the energy consumption per unit of CO₂ regeneration in this system drops from 4.09 GJ/t CO₂ to 2.64 GJ/t CO₂,a decrease of 35.28%.Compared with a coal-fired unit coupled with the common carbon capture system,the power plant efficiency of a coal-fired unit coupled with this low energy consumption carbon capture system increases from 30.81% to 33.53%,an increase of 2.72 percentage;the standard coal consumption decreases from 398.87 g/kWh to 366.81 g/kWh,a decrease of 32.06 g/kWh;the heat consumption rate decreases from 11,674.92 kJ/kWh to 10 736.53 kJ/kWh,a decrease of 938.36 kJ/kWh,and the thermal economy has significantly been improved.It is found that as CO₂ capture ratio decreases by every 1%,the power plant efficiency of the low energy consumption carbon capture coal-fired units will increase by 0.054%,the standard coal consumption will decrease by 0.524 g/kWh,and the heat consumption rate will decline by 15.353 kJ/kWh.Reducing CO₂ capture ratio can further improve the thermal economy of power plants.

赵红涛(1985-),男,博士,工程师,研究方向为燃煤电厂CO₂减排与煤炭清洁转化,zhaohongtaoipe@163.com