超临界CO₂作为非水压裂液，具有增加页岩气产量、减少需水量和减轻环境影响的潜力。结合实验和模拟数据，阐释了使用超临界CO₂作为工作流体用于页岩气开发的利弊，分析了CO₂的潜在优势，包括增强压裂和裂缝扩展效果、减少流动阻塞、增加页岩富含有机物部分吸附态甲烷的解吸、减少或消除可诱发地震和环境问题的返排水深度回注等；还分析了超临界CO₂的射孔能力和射流增压效果，与水射流相比，CO₂的射孔能力更强，射流增压效果更好。随着时间的推移，超临界CO₂的优势会促进页岩气产量大幅提高，并且页岩地层还可能成为碳封存的主要选择。此外，还研究了使用超临界CO₂的潜在挑战，包括处理大量CO₂的成本和安全问题等。

Supercritical CO₂,as a non-aqueous fracturing fluid,has the potential to increase shale gas production,reduce water consumption and mitigate impact on the environment.Combined with experimental and simulation data,the benefits and drawbacks brought by using CO₂ as a working fluid for shale gas exploitation are illustrated.Potential advantages of CO₂ are analyzed,which can enhance fracturing and fracture propagation,reduce flow-blocking,increase desorption of methane adsorbed in organic-rich parts of the shale,and reduce or eliminate the deep re-injection of flow-back water that may induce seismicity and other environmental concerns.The rock-perforating ability and jet pressurization effect of supercritical CO₂ are analyzed.Compared with water jet,CO₂ shows a stronger rock-perforating ability and gives a better jet pressurization effect.The advantages of supercritical CO₂ can have a significant impact over time leading to substantially increased shale gas production.In addition,shale gas formation has become a major utilization option for carbon sequestration.Also,the potential challenges in using supercritical CO₂ as a non-aqueous fracturing fluid are studied,including costs and safety issues associated with handling large volumes of supercritical CO₂.