以氧氯化锆溶液为前驱体、氨水为沉淀剂，通过沉淀法合成新型多孔ZrO₂载体。利用正交实验考察了氧氯化锆浓度、分散剂质量、反应时间、焙烧时间等因素对ZrO₂载体比表面积的影响，并得到合成多孔ZrO₂载体的最佳工艺条件：氧氯化锆溶液浓度为0.6 mol/L、分散剂PEG-6000的质量为3 g、反应时间为30 min、焙烧时间为2 h。对该条件下合成的ZrO₂载体进行BET、SEM、XRD和粒度表征，结果表明，合成的ZrO₂载体粒度小、晶型完美、表面疏松、比表面积大，适合做负载型催化剂的新型载体材料。通过浸渍法载镍制得Ni/ZrO₂催化剂，初步检测了其甲烷化催化活性，在470℃高温条件下，CO转化率高达90%，CH₄选择性达98%，表现出较高的活性。

A novel porous ZrO₂ carrier is synthesized through precipitation method by using a zirconium oxychloride solution as a precursor and ammonia as a precipitant.The effects of zirconium oxychloride concentration,dispersant dosage,reaction time and roasting time on the specific surface area of ZrO₂ carrier are investigated through orthogonal experiment.Via orthogonal analysis,the optimal process conditions for the synthesis of porous ZrO₂ carrier are obtained as follows:the concentration of zirconium oxychloride solution is 0.6 mol·L^-1,the dosage of polyethylene glycol-6000 dispersant is 3 g,the reaction lasts for 30 min,and the roasting time is 4 hours.ZrO₂ carrier synthesized under the optimum conditions is characterized by BET,SEM,XRD and particle size.The results show that the synthesized ZrO₂ carrier exhibits small particle size,perfect crystal form,loose surface and large specific surface area,which is suitable for a carrier to catalysts.Ni/ZrO₂ catalyst is prepared by impregnation method,and its catalytic activity in methanation is preliminarily detected.It is found that the CO conversion rate reaches as high as 90% and the selectivity of CH₄ can reach 98% at 470℃,representing a high activity.

吴刚强(1978-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为煤化工催化剂,Wgqiang＿78@sohu.com