甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI）是制造聚氨酯的重要基础化工材料。目前普遍采用的重溶剂法生产TDI过程中会产生约5%的固体残渣，为了对该固废材料进行高效回收利用，通过红外光谱（FT-IR）和磁悬浮热重（TGA）分析了残渣的成分，采用固定床热裂解的方法对TDI残渣进行资源化回收利用，并通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术分析热裂解产物并考察其经济价值。该工艺的TDI残渣的最佳热裂解条件为：残渣先与乙二醇混溶并回流1.5 h，之后蒸干至胶体；将该胶体于350℃下热裂解3 h，裂解收率可达82%（即固体残渣仅剩余18%），并得到间苯二甲酸二乙酯和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯等具有较高工业经济价值的产物。

Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is an important basic material for production of polyurethane.However,about 5 wt.% solid residues will be produced during production of TDI through heavy solvent method that is commonly used in the world.Efficient recovery and utilization of the solid residues has great economic value and environmental protection significance.Firstly,the solid residues are analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and magnetic suspension thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).Then,the solid residues are treated through pyrolysis method in a fixed bed.The pyrolysis products are analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to evaluate their economic values.The optimum conditions for pyrolysis of the residues are summarized as follows:the residues are firstly mixed with ethylene glycol,and the mixtures have been refluxed for 1.5 h and then are evaporated until they become colloidal.The colloidal has been pyrolyzed at 350℃ for 3 hours,which can deliver a 82% of cracking rate,only 18% of solid residues are left finally.Moreover,some chemicals with great industrial economic value,such as diethyl isophthalate and diethyl phthalate,can be obtained as byproducts.

范宗良(1969-),男,硕士,副教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为化工过程优化与节能技术,1347306240@qq.com