土壤有机碳是全球碳循环的关键组成部分，其储量及稳定性受人为活动的强烈影响，人类活动直接或间接导致土壤生态系统的碳储量减少。直接影响是指通过土地利用与管理将湿地、森林、草地等高有机质含量的土地农田化，降低其土壤固碳能力；间接影响是指通过改变气候来增加土壤碳通量。同时考虑两方面因素对于土壤碳库研究具有重要意义。研究表明，采用退耕还林、退牧还草和湿地保护等一系列土地利用/覆被变化等措施来维持土壤碳储量是极为有效的。

Soil organic carbon is a key component of global carbon cycle,and its storage and stability are strongly influenced by human activities.Human activities affect directly or indirectly the reduction of carbon storage in soil.This review summarizes the losing pathways of soil organic carbon and concerning research progress.On the one hand,land use and management will turn wetland,forest,grassland and other lands with high organic matter content into farmland,therefore reducing soil carbon sequestration capacity directly.On the other hand,climate change can increase soil carbon flux,affecting indirectly the loss of soil organic carbon.Considering both direct and indirect influences is of great significance for the study of soil carbon pool.It is proposed that it will be very effective to maintain soil carbon storage by promoting a series of land use/coverage change measures such as returning farmland to forest,returning grazing to grass and wetland protection.

郑小俊(1996-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为矿山生态修复,2361781397@qq.com