采用溶胶-凝胶法制备SiO₂微球载体，再通过接枝法制备硅基固体酸，以乙酸和乙醇的酯化反应为探针考察其催化性能，并用于催化己二酸和正丁醇的酯化反应。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射分析仪、傅里叶转换红外光谱仪对SiO₂和固体酸进行表征，并研究了不同反应条件对固体酸催化性能的影响。结果表明，接枝温度为140℃、接枝时间为12 h、氧化时间为6 h时，固体酸酸量和酯化率均达到最大值。在催化合成己二酸二丁酯的过程中，当反应温度为105℃、醇酸摩尔比为4∶1、催化剂质量为0.3 g时，酯化率最高可达到94.44%。

SiO₂ microspheres are prepared by sol-gel method,and used as carrier to synthesize silica-based solid acid catalyst by grafting method.Catalytic activity of the prepared silica-based solid acid is investigated through esterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol.The catalyst is also used to catalyze the esterification between adipic acid and n-butanol.SiO₂ microspheres and the catalyst are characterized by means of scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy.The effects of different reaction conditions on the catalytic property of solid acid are studied.The results show that the acid amount and the esterification rate of solid acid catalyst reach the maximum when the grafting temperature is set at 140℃,grafting time is 12 h and oxidation time is 6 h.In the process of catalytic synthesis of dibutyl adipate,the highest esterification rate can reach 94.44% when the reaction temperature is set at 105℃,the molar ratio of n-butanol to adipic acid is 4∶1 and the adding amount of catalyst is 0.3 g.

吴洁(1994-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为清洁能源化工,1349708850@qq.com