在聚乙烯醇（PVA）膜中分别加入质量分数为5%的戊二醛（GA）和冠醚（FDB18C6）形成P-G膜和P-F膜，再向P-F膜中加入质量分数为5%的GA形成P-F-G膜。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、电镜和热失重分析分别对PVA膜、P-G膜、P-F膜和P-F-G膜进行结构、形貌及热稳定性表征，同时对上述样品分别进行机械强度、含水率、离子交换量和电导率等性能测试。结果表明，P-G膜相比PVA膜拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别增加了6.58%和2.30%，含水率降低8.82%。P-F膜相比PVA膜的含水率降低了41.89%，离子交换量增长了54.84%，70℃时电导率从7.63 mS/cm上升到14.48 mS/cm。P-F-G膜相比PVA膜、P-G膜、P-F膜具有较好的机械性能、相对较高的离子交换量和电导率。

P-G membrane and P-F membrane are formed separately by adding glutaraldehyde (GA) up to a mass fraction of 5% and crown ether (FDB18C6) respectively into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane.P-F-G membrane is further prepared by adding 5% of GA in mass fraction into the prepared P-F membrane.The structure,morphology,and thermal stability of four membranes including PVA,P-G,P-F and P-F-G are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,electron morphology and thermal stability,respectively.At the same time,a series of performance tests such as mechanical strength,moisture content,ion exchange capacity and conductivity are performed for these membranes.The results show that the tensile strength and elongation at break of P-G membrane increase by 6.58% and 2.30% compared to PVA membrane,respectively,and the moisture content decreases by 8.82%.Compared with PVA membrane,the moisture content of P-F membrane decreases by 41.89%,its ion exchange capacity increases by 54.84% and its conductivity increases from 7.63 mS·cm^-1 to 14.48 mS·cm^-1 at 70℃.Compared with PVA membrane,P-G membrane and P-F membrane,P-F-G membrane has better mechanical properties,higher ion exchange capacity and ionic conductivity.

郑旭莹(1994-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为阴离子交换膜,326288484@qq.com