为了有效处理铝灰渣终料工业固废，通过初筛-水解-过滤烘干-球磨过筛等工艺制备喷涂粉末，并对喷涂粉末的微观组织和流动性进行分析；通过正交试验法考察了等离子喷涂工艺的4个主要参数电压、电流、送粉电压和主气流量对铝灰渣终料涂层显微硬度、磨损率和结合强度的影响，并对优化工艺进行了验证试验。结果表明，优化喷涂工艺后的铝灰渣终料涂层的平均显微硬度达到601.32 HV，磨损率为9.68×10^-3 g/min，结合强度为14.24 MPa。与45钢基体材料相比，显微硬度提高了约100%。通过对铝灰渣终料造粒后，粉末的流动性可以满足等离子喷涂设备的要求。喷涂工艺优化后能显著提高铝灰渣终料涂层的性能。

In order to treat effectively ultimate aluminum ash,a kind of industrial solid waste,a spray powder is prepared by the comprehensive process including primary screening-hydrolysis-filtration drying-ball milling and so on.The microstructure and fluidity of the spray powder samples are analyzed.The effects of voltage,current,powder feeding voltage and main gas flow rate on the microhardness,wear rate and bonding strength of ultimate aluminum ash coatings are investigated by orthogonal test,and the optimized process is verified via tests.It is shown that the average microhardness,wear rate and bonding strength of the coating samples are 601.32 HV,9.68×10^-3 g·min^-1 and 14.24 MPa respectively.Compared to 45^# steel matrix,the microhardness of samples increases by about 100%.After granulating ultimate aluminum ash,the fluidity of powder can meet the requirements of plasma spraying equipment.After optimization of spraying process,the performance of coating can be significantly improved.

吕帅帅(1988-),男,硕士,实验师,主要研究方向为铝灰渣无害化处理,895525940@qq.com