利用原位聚合法制备了以纳米SiO₂改性脲醛树脂为壁材、十二醇为芯材的相变微胶囊。考察了芯壁质量比、固化终点pH和纳米SiO₂质量分数对微胶囊包封率和芯材质量分数、渗透率的影响，采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和热重分析仪（TG）等分别对微胶囊相变材料的表面形貌、粒径和热性能进行了表征。研究结果表明，纳米SiO₂改性脲醛树脂/十二醇相变微胶囊的最佳制备条件为：芯壁质量比为1：2、固化终点pH=1.5~2、纳米SiO₂质量分数为3%。制备的微胶囊为表面光滑的球形，粒径大小为1.85~5 μm，包封率和芯材质量分数分别为62.5%和79.3%，相变潜热为148.4 J/g。

The microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) with nano-silica modified urea-formaldehyde resin (UF) as wall and dodecanol as core material are prepared by in situ polymerization.The effects of the mass ratio between core and wall,pH value at curing end and mass concentration of nano-silica on the encapsulation rate,mass content of core materials and penetration rate of the prepared MEPCMs are systemically investigated.The appearance,particle size and thermal property of the prepared MEPCMs are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG).The results show that the nano-silica modified MEPCMs have the best performance when the mass ratio between core and wall is 1:2,pH value at curing end locates in the range of 1.5-2,mass content of core materials is 5%.The prepared microcapsules present smooth and spherical morphology with diameters in the range of 1.85-5 μm.The encapsulation rate and the mass content of core material are 62.5% and 79.3%,respectively,and the phase change latent heat is 148.4 J·g^-1.

宋云飞(1991-),男,硕士生,主要从事微胶囊材料的研究,1543090914@qq.com