以苯酚为溶剂，正硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）为硅源，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SiO₂，将其引入到酚醛树脂中，最终制得改性酚醛泡沫。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜、电子万能试验机等方法对泡沫材料进行表征。测试结果表明，纳米SiO₂与酚醛树脂成功发生反应形成共价键。扫描电镜显示，硅酯质量分数为5%时，泡沫具有最规整的形貌结构；同时，此添加量下的酚醛泡沫力学性能最优，压缩强度和弯曲强度较纯泡沫提高50%和95%。

Nano scale SiO₂ is prepared by sol-gel process using phenol as solvent and TEOS as silica source,and then is added into phenolic resin.Ultimately,the modified phenolic foam materials are prepared.The foam materials prepared are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electronic universal testing machine.The test results show that the nano scale SiO₂ reacts with phenolic resin successfully to form covalent bonds.SEM shows that when the mass concentration of TEOS is 5%,the foam materials prepared have the most regular morphology and the best mechanical properties,and the compressive strength and bending strength are 50% and 95% higher respectively than pure phenolic resins.

郭亚军(1992-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为生物基酚醛泡沫的制备及性能,ggguoyajun@163.com