The progress of world energy and chemical enterprises in coping with peak carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutralization,and proceeding green low-carbon transformation is comprehensively reviewed.China faces urgent and hard tasks in peak carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutralization.It is thought that the transformation of energy structure is the key task to achieve peak carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutralization.Major transformation works that energy chemical companies have been performing towards green low-carbon are reviewed from six aspects.1)world energy chemical companies are divided into two groups according to their transformation modes for their main business;2)striving to develop new energy industry;3)the government restricts the development of those high energy intensity and high emission companies from the sources;4)traditional refining and chemical enterprises work in energy conservation,emission reduction and going green;5)carbon dioxide capture,utilization and storage;6)carbon dioxide emission reduction measurements for chemical industrial parks.

介绍了国内外乙二醇生产消费情况、乙二醇工业化生产技术以及合成气制乙二醇技术进展，重点论述了草酸二甲酯路线的工艺技术及产业化发展现状，分析了我国乙二醇产业发展存在的问题并提出了发展建议。

With the implementation of various plastics restriction policies in recent years,the biodegradable plastics industry has developed rapidly,the production technology has gradually matured,and the production capacity is in a period of rapid growth.The types,raw materials and properties of various degradable plastics are briefly described.The production processes and industrial development status of common degradable plastics such as polylactic acid (PLA),polybutylene adipate-terephthalate (PBAT),polybutylene succinate (PBS) and polyglycolic acid (PGA) are summarized and analyzed.Combined with current situation,the development trend of common degradable plastics is prospected.

Hydrogen production is the foundation for establishing the hydrogen energy industrial chain.The large-scale layout of green hydrogen production by means of new energy will open a new situation in the hydrogen energy industrial chain and enable the hydrogen energy industry to move forward from demonstration to commercialization.Hydrogen production from fossil energy is the mainstream hydrogen production technology at present,with the characteristics such as large scale,low cost and high carbon dioxide emission.Hydrogen production from water electrolysis driven by new energy is a true zero carbon emission hydrogen production method,but its high cost is a key factor to restrict its development.Based on the core factors that affect the cost of hydrogen production from water electrolysis,this paper analyzes the cost of hydrogen production,focusing on the impact of electricity price,system scale,equipment investment,electrolytic efficiency,operating hours and management quality improvement on the cost of green hydrogen,and compares this route with coal to hydrogen route,providing a reference path for reducing green hydrogen cost.

Hydrogen energy has become one of the important directions for future energy development and is regarded as the right way for China to achieve emission peak and carbon neutrality.The hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water is regarded as "green hydrogen", which is considered the ultimate direction of hydrogen production.But the current cost of "green hydrogen" is much higher than that of hydrogen produced from fossil fuel.Through analyzing hydrogen production costs by alkaline electrolysis cell (AWE) and proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (PEM) technologies, it is found that the cost of hydrogen is mainly composed of electricity cost and equipment depreciation.Therefore, the cost reduction measures shall mainly include reducing electricity prices to reduce electricity costs, increasing the working time of the electrolysis cell to produce more hydrogen to dilute depreciation and other fixed costs, and reducing the equipment cost of electrolysis cell, especially PEM electrolyzer through technological progress and large-scale production, etc.

This paper fully elaborates the flame retardant industry from the aspects such as world market situation,China's national and industrial policies,the situation of China's local enterprises,the related regulations and standards as well as the developing trend in the future,aiming to provide a reference for the formulation of development policy in China and the formulation of operation strategy for the industry and enterprises.It also helps the flame retardant enterprises understand the current situation and development trend of global flame retardant market,and promote China's flame retardant industry to develop rapidly and healthily.In addition,this work is of significance to reduce fire occurrence and improve the safety of people and property.

Hydrogen shall play an important and key role in global energy transformation.The high-pressure transportation,purification and high-pressure filling of hydrogen are the core and key links in hydrogen energy.Electrochemical hydrogen compression (EHC) has the advantages such as low energy consumption,without mobile equipment,and removing impurities.Through analyzing the principle of EHC technology as well as the status and trends of worldwide patented technologies,the key technical characteristics of EHC,mechanical compression,PSA separation and purification,etc.are compared.Based on the application scenarios of renewable energy-hydrogen production,refueling at hydrogen refueling stations,hydrogen transportation and natural gas blending hydrogen,the advantages and development potential of EHC are summarized in the distributed hydrogen production-separation-purification,hydrogen-blending natural gas separation-purification,hydrogen compression and refueling at hydrogen refueling stations.New technical solutions are provided for the transportation and application of hydrogen energy.

This review introduces three promising new energy technologies under "carbon neutralization and carbon peak",and their development trends.Photovoltaic power generation,wind power generation and hydrogen production technologies have the advantages of low cost,clean and pollution-free,which are conducive to realize energy supply security and carbon emission reduction,but face problems such as regional conditions.The technology for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol and ethanol is conducive to the recovery and reuse of waste gas,remarking with environment friendly and carbon emission reduction,for which the development of efficient catalysts and processes will be the key point in the future.The technology for hydrogen production from municipal solid wastes can transform wastes into valuable matters,realizing comprehensive utilization of solid wastes and achieving remarkable environmental benefits,for which the development and design of efficient incineration equipment and hydrogen production process is the trend in the future.Under the increasingly strict requirements of "carbon peak,carbon neutralization" and environmental protection in the world,it is proposed that these three technologies have broad application prospects in carbon emission reduction,and are expected to be vigorously developed.

Phosphorus chemical enterprises utilize fluorine resources associated with phosphorus ore to produce hydrogen fluoride,and extend the fluorine chemical industry chain,which drives the synergistic development of phosphorus and fluorine chemical industries.This paper presents the current situation of the synergistic development of phosphorus and fluorine chemical industries,elaborates on key factors driving the synergistic development of these industries from technical,resource,policy,market,and other aspects.It also analyzes the effects of the synergistic development of phosphorus and fluorine chemical industries from the perspectives of production,business and industry,and provides a prospect for future development.

Membrane separation technology has the characteristics of high efficiency,low energy consumption and no secondary pollution,so it is widely used in seawater desalination,sewage treatment,food,medicine and many other fields.Membrane separation technology has developed into a high-tech and strategic emerging industry spanning the fields of materials,environmental protection and energy.This paper summarizes the development status of membrane separation technology,collates the relevant standards and industrial policies of membrane separation industry,introduces the current situation of membrane separation industry in the world,and puts forward the prospect of opportunities and challenges.

Traditional hydrogen production technology system is introduced,and the key technologies of current mainstream green hydrogen production processes are emphatically reviewed.On this basis,the advantages and disadvantages of different advanced hydrogen production technologies are compared,and the bottlenecks and barriers of these technologies in equipment,technology,economy and standard system are analyzed deeply.Corresponding countermeasures for promoting the hydrogen production industry to develop orderly are proposed.Finally,the development prospects of green hydrogen production technologies in China are pointed out.

With the rapid development of industrial economy,China's consumption of energy and chemical products has been increased.Among them,methanol is one of the basic chemical raw materials and energy substitutes.Therefore,the development of methanol technology is of great significance.There are many kinds of process to synthesize methanol,each with its own advantages and applicable scope.Coal-to-methanol route is more economic and reasonable for China due to the nation's resource characteristics.In order to reduce the cost of production and investment,and improve the quality of methanol product,coal-to-methanol technology shall be selected according to different conditions.This review focuses on the main sections of coal-to-methanol process,such as coal gasification,CO shift,syngas purification and methanol synthesis,and performs technical comparison and analysis,which is expected to promote the development of coal-to-methanol.

With the continuous upgrading of consumption and the development of new strategic industries, China's demand for high-end polyolefin products has been also increasing.This article analyzes the current situation, existing problems, and constraints of China's metallocene polyethylene, metallocene polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene, polyolefin elastomer, ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, cyclic olefin copolymers, cross-linked polyethylene and other high-end polyolefin products, explores the problems existing in the high-end polyolefin industry and proposes suggestions for future development.

China's chemical parks have developed rapidly,so it is urgent to learn advanced experiences from foreign chemical parks.This paper performs overall analysis on literatures about the development of chemical parks in other countries in recent years and summarizes the construction history of world chemical parks with focus on the development situation of ecological industrial parks.On this basis,some new ideas relating to the development of chemical parks are summarized,and some enlightenments for China are put forward.

Studying how to promote the substitution of fossil fuel-based hydrogen production with renewable energy-driven water electrolysis hydrogen production (green hydrogen) is of significant practical importance for driving the green development of China's hydrogen energy industry.Through utilizing satellite remote sensing data to assess the renewable resource potential of various provinces in China and constructing a simulation model for renewable energy-driven water electrolysis hydrogen production under considering the fluctuation of renewable energy sources,it becomes possible to explore the cost of water electrolysis hydrogen production by renewable energy sources in different provinces,which is compared with the local cost of coal-based hydrogen production.Under the premise of considering technological advancements and different levels of carbon trading prices,the potential for green hydrogen to replace grey hydrogen in different time periods in China is analyzed,and some insights into how China should develop green hydrogen in the future are suggested.

以常规的等离子体热解气化城市生活垃圾发电项目为基础项目，在考虑碳排放交易的情况下，使用净现值法，建立该项目的垃圾处理价格计算模型，并对CDM(清洁发展机制)项目的投资运行成本和碳减排放量进行估算。研究结果得出：该项目收支平衡时，垃圾处理价格为204.9元/t；年碳减排量为9386.1t CO2；对投资决策评价指标分析可得，该项目具有一定的经济可行性。

This article reviews the physical properties of biodiesel,and analyzes the revision and current situation of the standards for biodiesel as well its blending fuel in China and in the world.It also introduces the developing status of biodiesel industry in foreign countries,including the biodiesel production capacity,financial support and tax policy in each country,and presents the developing status of China's biodiesel industry.Some suggestions on existing problems are shared and the future development of biodiesel industry is prospected.

“Green” ammonia exists as a new form of basic energy, which can serve as a hydrogen carrier to solve the bottleneck problem of low-cost hydrogen energy transportation, and can also be directly applied as a carbon-free fuel.In the carbon neutrality path, green ammonia is an important way for the synthetic ammonia industry to achieve carbon dioxide emission reduction, and is also an optional path to solve large-scale solar power consumption.This article reviews the preparation process of synthetic ammonia, analyzes the economy of synthesizing green ammonia from hydrogen which is produced by means of new energy, and studies three major application scenarios of ammonia energy as a clean raw material, power generation fuel, and ship fuel.The focus is on evaluating the competitiveness of new energy-route hydrogen production to synthesize green ammonia in different application scenarios.The research results indicate that the application scenarios of green ammonia as a clean raw material and a ship fuel have certain economic benefits, and there is a huge space as a green fuel for ships;However, as an application scenario for power plant fuel, it is difficult to obtain economic benefits from carbon dioxide emission reduction.

Under the background of "carbon dioxide emission peaking and carbon neutralization",China's petrochemical industry is facing huge pressure in energy conservation and CO₂ emission reduction.The thinking for the petrochemical industry to save energy and reduce CO₂ emission is reviewed from four aspects:adjusting the refining products scheme and innovation process technology to improve the utilization efficiency of petroleum resources;achieving "green hydrogen" substitution and deep electrification through multi energy coupling technology coupled with new energy;implementing the energy integration and process intensification to achieve "cascade utilization" of refinery energy in order to avoid energy waste caused by high level energy for low level utilization;promoting the transformation and utilization of carbon dioxide utilization to reduce CO₂ emission in the refineries.Based on the actual situation of the refineries and the mature degree of process technology,some consideration and suggestions are proposed for the scheme of energy saving and emission reduction in the petrochemical industry.

近十几年来，中国重晶石资源充足，供大于求，绝大部分用于出口。中国重晶石资源储量及出口量均居全球首位，表观消费量仅次于美国，位居第二。中国在全球重晶石市场中的作用不可替代。以全球重晶石资源现状、生产消费及贸易情况为基础，分析了中国以及全球重晶石资源的供需格局，进而为保障我国重晶石资源安全提出合理有效建议。长远来看，重晶石的需求仍会持续上升，全球重晶石供需格局将长期保持基本稳定。中国应该合理有效开发，科学规划重晶石出口，促进产业升级，以实现重晶石资源的经济效益最大化，保持我国优势地位。

近些年来，我国膜分离技术得到了很大的发展，并且渗透到各个应用领域。从膜的相关标准、产值的增长情况、专利申请情况和有关分离膜的文献发表情况，对我国当前分离膜的发展进行了简要的综述，并结合产业政策对膜的发展方向和前景进行了分析。

Through analyzing the leading countries' approaches to promote the development of CO₂ capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) industry, a development path covering "valuing the whole industrial chain, marketizing the carbon negative properties, diversifying the investment and construction funds, and institutionalizing incentive measures" is proposed.In view of the gap between the current situation and development requirements of China's CCUS industry, this study suggests accelerating the establishment of the "industrial chain leadership" working program, innovating the market-oriented mechanism to realize the value of industry, conducting various businesses in successive stages, expanding financing channels, defining the strategic role of CCUS industry and providing financial support, in order to open up a new healthy development path for the industrialization and scaling of China's CCUS.

Hydrogen energy is regarded as the clean energy with the most development potential in the 21st century.As a hydrogen energy infrastructure,hydrogen refueling station is one of the core parts of the entire hydrogen energy industrial chain.Accelerating the construction of hydrogen fueling station is an important measure for China to promote carbon emission peaking and carbon neutralization,and realize the transformation of energy structure.The development strategy and industrial layout of hydrogen energy in the world as well as the current situation of hydrogen refueling stations in China are investigated.The new mode that integrates hydrogen production,storage and filling station is studied.Meanwhile,the problems existed in the construction of hydrogen fueling station in China are analyzed,and corresponding solutions are given.

Solid oxides fuel cell (SOFC) is one of the most promising fuel cell technologies,especially suitable for using clean natural gas as raw material.It can form a good synergy with the LNG/natural gas industry to realize the development mode of integration and innovation.The principle of high temperature fuel power generation is introduced.The applications of solid oxides fuel cell with natural gas as raw material in large and medium-sized fixed power generation,small and medium-sized distributed cogeneration of heat and power,coupled power generation with micro gas turbine and household cogeneration of heat and power are analyzed.Some suggestions are given on the integrated development between SOFC industry and LNG/natural gas industry.

Hydrogen peroxide now is widely recognized as an environmentally friendly chemical product.Global market demand for hydrogen peroxide has been increasing year by year and the competitiveness of the hydrogen peroxide industry enhances gradually.This paper introduces briefly China's technology progress and existing problems in hydrogen peroxide production and puts forward suggestions for the future development.It also points out that the environmental protection,petrochemical,electronic and food industries are the potential consumption areas worth exploring for hydrogen peroxide.

The outline,innovation and value of the technologies that win US' Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards (PGCC) 2017 are introduced.The six awards,winners and their respective innovation are introduced respectively.The winner for Greener Synthetic Pathways Award is Merck & Co.,Inc.for the innovation of Letermovir,an experimental antiviral drug.This technology represents a state-of-the-art approach to sustainable commercial manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical industry.The winners for Greener Reaction Conditions Award are Amgen Inc.and Bachem who develop a commercial green production process for Etelcalcetide,a new generation of kidney drugs through improving the synthetic technology of solid phase peptide.The winners for Designing Greener Chemicals Award are The Dow Chemical Company and Papierfabrik August Koehler SE who gain breakthrough in sustainable imaging technology for thermal paper.The winner for Small Business Award is UniEnergy Technologies LLC who develops the UniSystem^TM,an advanced vanadium redox flow battery for grid-scale energy storage.The winner for Academic Award is Professor Eric J.Schelter of University of Pennsylvania.He develops a way for simple and efficient recycling of rare earth elements from consumer materials by using tailored metal complexes.

随着笔记本电脑、手机和电动汽车对锂电池需求的不断增加，直接带动未来对锂资源需求量的飞速增长。我国盐湖锂资源十分丰富，是今后开发的重要来源。青藏高原是我国盐湖锂资源主产地，自然条件差，开采难度大。盐湖卤水锂品位参差不齐，伴生元素众多，综合利用价值高。在介绍我国盐湖锂资源禀赋、国内外开发利用现状的基础上，指出我国盐湖锂资源在开发利用中存在工艺技术水平较低、综合利用程度不高、缺乏长远科学规划等问题，提出要加强盐湖锂资源开发及综合利用科技攻关，制定盐湖锂产业发展整体规划，保证盐湖锂资源开发过程高效、绿色、环保等切实合理的科学建议。

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a power generation device that converts directly the chemical energy stored in fuel into electricity at high temperature.It has advantages such as high energy conversion efficiency,strong adaptability to various fuels,wide sources,and environmental friendliness.This article analyzes the technical research focus,application,and technological development direction of SOFC field from the perspectives of patent application trends,patent applicants,and regional layout through analyzing the high-temperature solid fuel cell patent situation in the world in the past 30 years.At present,the high-temperature solid fuel cell technology market has entered a period of rapid development.Global research direction about SOFC mainly focuses on reducing costs and improving stability,while China's research direction mainly focuses on breaking through key technologies for fuel cell stack,localization of core components,and demonstration project construction.

In recent years,China has made breakthroughs in basic research in the field of big data,and relevant applications have developed rapidly.China's relevant administrative departments have issued various supportive policies to promote the integration of big data in the industrial field,especially in the chemical industry.In industrial applications,big data are mainly used in production scheduling and monitoring,fault diagnosis and prediction,product inspection and quality management,supply chain analysis and optimization.Among them,there have been several application examples of big data in the chemical industry,achieving specific effects such as optimization of production process,improvement of equipment operation and maintenance,matching of downstream demand,and improvement of production automation.The deepening application of big data shall be based on the promotion of information resource sharing and the clarity of data ownership,authority and security boundaries,focusing on the deep integration between industrial big data and industrial cloud,and the expansion of artificial intelligence application.

The reserves, distribution, formation conditions and accumulation mechanism of coalbed methane in China are reviewed, and global coalbed methane exploration and development status is introduced in detail.China's key technologies for coalbed methane exploration and development are expounded.The barriers, which are faced by the industrialization development of coalbed methane, in the fields of geology, technology, economy, environment and etc.are summarized, and the corresponding strategies are proposed, aiming to provide a reference for promoting the orderly and efficient development of coalbed methane in China.

The production and consumption situation of oxalic acid at home and abroad and the industrialization production technology of oxalic acid are introduced.The present situation of industrialization of oxalic acid industry is described,and the future development trend is forecasted and some suggestions are also put forward.

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an energy conversion device that converts directly fuel chemical energy into electrical energy.It is not limited by Carnot cycle,has high energy conversion efficiency,and has the advantages of wide fuel adaptability,clean and pollution-free,all solid state structure,and no use of noble metal catalysts.SOFC technology has a wide range of applications.It can make green and efficient use of hydrogen energy,and also achieve efficient and clean use of traditional fossil energy,making an important contribution to achieving China's goal of carbon dioxide emission peaking and carbon neutrality.This paper introduces the development status of the SOFC industry in China and in the world,analyzes the development prospect of the SOFC industry in China,and puts forward corresponding solutions and suggestions for the difficulties encountered in the development of solid oxide fuel cell industry in China.

China mainly consumes fossil energy.In order to accelerate the realization of "emission peak and carbon neutrality" target,it is urgent for China to develop clean energy.China's hydrogen energy development status quo is reviewed from the aspects such as hydrogen production,fuel cell,hydrogen vehicles,hydrogen refueling station and hydrogen energy for metallurgy.The shortcomings of China's hydrogen energy industry are analyzed,and suggestions for future research directions of hydrogen energy are given.It is shown that China's hydrogen energy industry is at the initial stage of development,and has not yet fully grasped the core technology.Key materials and parts still depend on imports,resulting in high production costs in the hydrogen energy industry chain.In the future,China shall strengthen the top-level planning and layout of hydrogen energy,research on core technologies of the hydrogen energy industry,develop high-efficiency hydrogen production technologies,and expand hydrogen energy application scenarios to lay a solid foundation for future development.

The outline,innovation and benefits of the five award-winning projects of 2019 US Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge (GCC) Award are introduced.Merck & Co.receives the Greener Synthetic Pathways Award for the development of a green & sustainable manufacturing process for Zerbaxa^TM.WSI is the recipient of Greener Reaction Conditions by its TRUpath^TM technology.Small Business Award is given to Kalion,Inc.for Microbially Produced High-Purity Glucaric Acid for Diverse Uses.Academic Award is received by Professor Sanjoy Banerjee of the City University of New York because of Rechargeable Alkaline Zn-MnO₂ Batteries for Grid Storage Applications.

The modern coal chemical industry,a resource-based industry,greatly relies on the coal resources nearby.China's modern coal chemical projects distribute mainly in western and northern regions,and more in the coal production areas and less in the coal consumption areas,which makes the production capacity far away from consumer market,increasing transportation cost thus lowering the competitiveness of coal-to-gas and coal-to-chemical products.In order to promote the healthy and orderly development of China's coal chemical industry,it is necessary to coordinate regional resource supply,environmental capacity,industrial foundation and other factors,and combine with national main functional zone planning and the development of large coal bases,in accordance with ecological priority,orderly development,regular development,and total capacity control,to scientifically project China's modern coal chemical industrial layout in the "14th Five-year Plan" period.

日本绿色和可持续发展化学奖由日本绿色和可持续发展化学网(GSCN)发起，旨在奖励通过化学革新来推动环境和人类健康、安全研究与发展。对2016年第十五届日本绿色和可持续发展化学奖4个获奖项目的创新和价值进行了评述。

In 2021,China issues two important specifications for the construction of hydrogen fueling station:"Technical Specification for Hydrogen Fueling Station GB 50516-2010 (version 2021)" and "Technical Specification for Vehicle Oil-Gas-Hydrogen Fueling Station GB 50156-2021".On this basis,combined with the problems existing in the actual construction of combined hydrogen fueling station,this paper puts forward the technical optimization and construction direction for the construction of different types of combined hydrogen fueling station,such as L-CNG gas-hydrogen fueling station,oil-hydrogen fueling station,gas-hydrogen fueling station,LNG-liquid hydrogen fueling station,and power-charging hydrogen-fueling station.The feasibility for construction of "zero carbon emission" hydrogen fueling station in the future is explored,to provide reference ideas for the development of hydrogenation station in the future.

Through analyzing the practical significance and development status of the collaborative development between the coal industry and the hydrogen energy industry,the collaborative development relationship between them is clarified,and the collaborative development path is proposed as follows.(1)Promoting hydrogen energy industry development by coal,that is,demonstrating and promoting coal hydrogen production combining with CCS to achieve low-carbon development of coal hydrogen production;(2)Promoting coal industry development with hydrogen,that is,promoting the combination of green hydrogen production and coal chemical industry,so as to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the production process of chemical products and improve the environmental friendly performance of products;(3)Other potential collaborative development paths of coal and hydrogen are discussed,including coal gasification combining with cycle hydrogen production technology,coal slurry electrolysis to hydrogen technology,coal supercritical water gasification to hydrogen technology,and underground coal gasification to hydrogen technology.Finally,some countermeasures are proposed to promote the collaborative development of China's coal and hydrogen energy industries,so as to help achieve the "carbon dioxide emission peaking and carbon neutrality" goal.

The development,classification and application of specialty coatings in China are summarized.In particular,heavy-duty coatings,thermal insulation coatings,antifouling coatings and anti-skid coatings,which are widely used in both military and civil purposes,are focused from the performance,composition and application.The development trend of specialty coatings is forecasted that multifunctional and high-quality specialty coatings,energy-saving and environmentally friendly specialty coatings,and high-performance special coatings suitable for modern military equipment will have good prospects.

炼油工业是国民经济发展的基础和支柱产业，同时也是耗能大户和排放大户。为适应新常态、提高能源效率，实现绿色低碳是炼油行业“十三五”期间必须面临的重要任务。对比了国内外炼油工业发展现状，并对我国炼油工业能源效率利用问题进行了分析，最后从政府决策的宏观角度(产业布局优化、炼厂规模控制)和企业运营的微观角度(炼厂运行规划、节能管理)出发，提出了促进我国炼油工业能源利用效率的对策建议。